Abstract: . . .  infection status based on isolation or culture of MG, past data have shown a high correspondence between MG preva- lence and the presence of clinical signs among wild birds (Hartup et al., 2001; Ley et al., 2003). More- over, greater than 97% of a subset of house finches ( N = 87) that were captured over a 2-year period at this site with no physical signs of conjunctivitis also tested negative for MG based on eye swabs exam- ined via culture and PCR methods (D. H. Ley, un- published data). Similarly, over 85% of a subset of birds captured with clinical conjunctivitis also tested positive for MG based on eye swabs ( N = 75). For each bird, we recorded the total time spent at each feeder port (feeding duration), the number of times the bird inserted its beak into the feeder port (pecks), and the number of seeds eaten (determined when pieces of seed were observed falling from the beak of the focal . . .
. . .  beetle, Onymacris plana . Journal of Insect Physiology, 34 , 279 284. McGraw, K., & Hill, G. E. (2002). Testing reversed sexual dominance from an ontogenetic perspective: Juvenile fe- male house finches Carpodacus mexicanus are dominant to juvenile males. Ibis, 144 , 139142. Moore, J. (1984). Parasites that change the behavior of their host. Scientific American, 250 , 108. Moore, J. (2002). Parasites and the behavior of animals . Oxford: Oxford University Press. Nolan, P. M., Hill, G. E., & Stoehr, A. M. (1998). Sex, size, and plumage redness predict house finch survival in an epidemic. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 265 , 961965. Popp, J. W. (1986). Changes in scanning and feeding rates with group size among American goldfinches. Animal Behaviour, 6 , 9798. Popp, J. W. (1989). Use of agonistic displays by purple finches during interspecific encounters. Bird Behaviour, . . .
. . .  & Dhondt,A. A. (2004). Experimental infection of individually caged house finches with Mycoplasma gallisepticum . Journal of Wild- life Diseases, 40 , 7986. Levri, E. P. (1999). Parasite-induced change in host behav- ior of a freshwater snail: Parasitic manipulation or byproduct of infection? Behavioral Ecology, 10 , 234241. Ley, D. H., Swarthout, E., Sydenstricker, K. V., Kollias, G. V., & Dhondt, A. A. (2003). Mycoplasma gallisepticum conjunctivitis in house finches ( Carpodacus mexicanus ). Correlations among clinical signs and detection by poly- merase chain reaction from conjunctival and choanal swabs. In 52nd Annual Conference of the Wildlife Dis- ease Association , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Lindstrm, K., Van der Veen, I. T., Legault, B. A., & Lundstrm, J. O. (2003). Activity and predator escape performance of common greenfinches Carduelis chloris infected with sindbis . . .
--3000,3,500,3240,32313